三棱火针加拔罐治疗腘窝囊肿30例

ObjectiveTo explore the therapeutic effect of the fire needling with the three-edged needle and the cupping on popliteal cyst.MethodsA total of 60 patients of popliteal cyst were divided into two groups, 30 cases in each one according to the random number table. In the fire needling group, the burnt-red three-edged needle was inserted to the deep layer of the cyst. After the fluid was squeezed out, the cupping was exerted. The treatment was given 1 to 2 times a week, for 4 weeks totally. In the western medication group, prednisolone acetate 25 mg was injected in the cyst capsule, once a week, for 4 weeks totally. The effective rate, recurrence rate and Rauschning–Lindgren grading were evaluated before and after treatment.ResultsThe total effective rate was 80.0% in the fire needling group and was 83.3% in the western medication group, without statistical significance in comparison (P > 0.05). The recurrence rate was 6.7% in the fire needling group and was 30% in the western medication group. The recurrence rate in the fire needling group was lower than that in the western medication group, indicating the statistical significance (P < 0.05). After treatment, Rauschning–Lindgren grade was different statistically as compared with that before treatment in either group (both P < 0.05). Rauschning–Lindgren grade was distributed in 0 to I in the fire needling group after treatment, which was different significantly as compared with the western medication group (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe combined treatment with the fire needling combined with cupping therapy achieves the satisfactory effect on popliteal cyst and the very low recurrence rate and it is easy in operation and deserves to be promoted in primary care.     

IL-10启动子区基因多态性与抗结核药物性肝损伤关系

  目的  探讨白细胞介素10（interleukin 10，IL-10）启动子区的-592 A/C（rs1800872）和-819 C/T（rs1800871）位点基因多态性与抗结核药物性肝损伤（antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury，ADLI）易感性关系。  方法  采用病例对照研究设计，以发生肝损伤的180例患者为病例组，按性别进行频数匹配未发生肝损伤的180例患者为对照组。对研究对象进行流行病学调查，同时留取外周血以聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术鉴定两位点基因型。  结果  研究对象两位点的基因型分布在ADLI间差异均无统计学意义（均有P>0.05）。-592 A/C位点的C等位基因在病例组的频率高于对照组，显性模型（CC+AC）出现ADLI的危险是AA型的1.62倍，分布差异均有统计学意义（均有P<0.05）。-819 C/T位点等位基因在两组中的分布差异无统计学意义（P=0.190），但-592 A/C和-819 C/T两位点间存在连锁不平衡，单倍型-819 C/-512 C（OR=1.37，95%CI:1.02~1.85）和-819 C/-512 A（OR=0.49，95%CI:0.34~0.70）在病例组和对照组中的分布均有统计学差异（均有P<0.05）。  结论  IL-10启动子区-592 A/C和-819 C/T位点的基因多态性可能与ADLI易感性有关。     

经皮耳迷走神经刺激干预功能性消化不良模型大鼠的效应及机制研究

ObjectiveTo explore the effect and its possible mechanism of the intervention of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) for the functional dyspepsia (FD) model rats.MethodsOf the 25 male SD rats, 6 rats were set as blank group, the other 19 rats were established to be the functional dyspepsia (FD) model by iodoacetamide intragastric administration, and 18 FD models were successfully established. The 18 model rats were randomly divided into a model group, a sham-taVNS group, and taVNS group, with 6 rats in each group. There was no intervention applied to the rats in the blank and model groups. Whereas, the rats in sham-taVNS group received stimulation to the rim of auricular concha of both sides, and those in taVNS group received stimulation to the cavity of auricular concha of both sides, for 30 min each time, once a day, 7 days in succession. After the intervention, the gastric sensitivity of the rats in each group under different pressure conditions in the stomach, the expressions of serum brain-gut peptide motilin (MTL), cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-likepeptide1 (GLP-1), and inflammatory factors IL-4, IL-10, and IL-1β were detected.Results(1) Gastric sensitivity: compared with the blank group, the gastric sensitivity of the model group was higher (P <0.05). Compared with the model group, the gastric sensitivity of the taVNS group was lower (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham-taVNS group, the gastric sensitivity of the taVNS group was lower (P <0.05).(2) Expression of brain-gut peptide: compared with the blank group, MTL was lower, CCK and GLP-1 were higher in the model group (all P <0.05). Compared with the model group, MTL was higher, CCK and GLP-1 were lower in the taVNS group (all P <0.05). Compared with the sham-taVNS group, CCK and GLP-1 were lower in the taVNS group (both P<0.05). (3)Expression of inflammatory factors: compared with the blank group, IL-4 and IL-10 were lower and IL-1β was higher in the model group (all P <0.05). Compared with the model group, IL-10 was higher and IL-1β was lower in the sham-taVNS group (all P <0.05), while IL-4 and IL-10 were higher and IL-1β was lower in the taVNS group (all P <0.05). Compared with the sham-taVNS group, IL-4 and IL-10 were higher and IL-1β was lower in the taVNS group (all P <0.05).ConclusionTaVNS can reduce the gastric sensitivity of FD model rats by peripheral anti-inflammatory action and regulating the abnormal secretion of brain-gut peptide.     

阻断NHE1抑制人胶质母细胞瘤细胞增殖和侵袭的研究

目的分析Na⁺/H⁺交换蛋白1（NHE1）抑制剂对癌基因BRAF野生型（BRAF^WT）和激活型BRAF^V600E突变的胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）细胞生长和侵袭能力的影响。 方法NHE1抑制剂Cariporide分别处理U251（BRAF^WT）和AM38（BRAF^V600E）GBM细胞系，乙酰甲酯化的2’,7’-双（2-羧乙基）-5（6）-羧荧光素荧光探针处理细胞并采用紫外分光光度计检测细胞在440 nm与490 nm的荧光强度，计算荧光强度比值以反映NHE1的活性，MTT法检测细胞增殖活性，基质胶-Transwell实验检测细胞侵袭能力。 结果AM38细胞的NHE1活性、增殖和侵袭能力均显著高于U251细胞，差异均有统计学意义（P=0.006、0.010、0.047）；Cariporide处理的U251和AM38细胞的NHE1活性、增殖和侵袭能力均显著低于溶剂二甲基亚砜处理的U251和AM38细胞，差异均有统计学意义（U251：P=0.012、0.023、0.044；AM38：P=0.006、0.001、0.038）。 结论采用Cariporide阻断NHE1活性可有效抑制BRAF^WT和BRAF^V600E突变型GBM细胞的增殖和侵袭。     

弥散张量成像在轻度认知功能障碍中的应用

轻度认知功能障碍（MCI）目前已经成为严重影响老年人健康的疾病，早期具有可逆性。近年来弥散张量成像（DTI）以其定量显示脑白质纤维束的优势，越来越多的应用于临床，成为了研究的热点。目前研究表明，MCI患者海马、穹隆、扣带回和胼胝体的DTI指标变化明显，可用于MCI的早期识别和病情评估及预测，且多个指标联用可能增加其准确性。MCI患者DTI表现与认知功能的下降程度具有相关性，尤其与记忆功能的相关性较为确定。MCI亚型中，遗忘型MCI （aMCI）发展为阿尔茨海默病（AD）的风险更高，其部分各向异性（FA）值越低、平均弥散度（ADC）值越高预示着转化为AD的可能性越大；DTI技术对AD与MCI患者脑白质的差异较为灵敏，AD的脑白质病变范围更广、程度更重。但目前关于DTI在MCI中的应用尚存在诸多问题，尚需进一步研究。     

膜辅助蛋白CD46 rs1970530遗传变异对肝癌发病风险的影响

背景与目的：膜辅助蛋白CD46可保护宿主细胞免受补体依赖的细胞毒性作用，研究表明，CD46可能作为肝细胞癌（hepatocellular carcinoma，HCC）患者的潜在生物标志物。探讨CD46基因表达及启动子区遗传变异与HCC发病风险的关系。方法：通过基因表达谱交互分析（gene expression profiling interactive analysis，GEPIA）在线网站分析HCC组织和正常肝组织CD46表达的差异；2011—2015年在华北理工大学附属唐山市工人医院和华北理工大学附属唐山市人民医院经病理学检查确诊且未经放化疗的240例HCC患者作为病例组，对照组为同时期入院体检的500名健康人群。采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析（polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism，PCR-RFLP）法进行基因分型，检测两组基因型频率和等位基因频率，评估CD46 rs1970530遗传变异与HCC发病风险的关系。结果：CD46在HCC组织与正常组织中的表达差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。经非条件logistic回归分析发现，CD46 rs1970530至少携带一个G等位基因型在病例组及对照组之间差异有统计学意义（OR=0.666，95% CI：0.448~0.990，P<0.05）；两组间等位基因G频率差异有统计学意义（OR=0.689，95% CI：0.478~0.994，P<0.05）。分层分析结果显示，至少携带一个G等位基因者可降低高年龄组（>60岁）（P=0.048）和男性（P=0.023）人群的HCC发病风险，在女性和低年龄组（≤60岁）中差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。按吸烟状态进行分层分析，rs1970530变异与HCC易感性无明显关联（P>0.05）。结论：HCC中CD46基因高表达及CD46 rs1970530遗传变异影响HCC发病风险。     

唐山市高龄老年人日常生活照顾需求现状及影响因素分析

目的了解河北省唐山市高龄老年人日常生活照顾需求情况并分析其影响因素。方法于2016年7月—2017年1月采取分层随机整群抽样的方法,选取河北省唐山市工人医院和唐山市弘慈医院直属10个卫生服务中心下属的32个社区(分布于唐山市区东南西北中),对在社区登记户籍的年龄≥75岁的3 448位居民应用日常生活照顾需求问卷、The CFAI衰弱综合评估量表、孤独量表、社会支持评定量表进行问卷调查。结果对日常生活照顾无需求者1 784人(51.7%),轻度需求者860人(24.9%),重度需求者804人(23.3%),需求率48.3%。其中,需求项目中需求率前5位依次为使用公共车辆(38.7%),做饭菜(32.4%),购物(31.8%),做家务(31.7%),洗衣(28.0%)。有序logistic回归分析显示,较低年龄(OR=0.263)、空巢(OR=0.591)、高社区活动参与度(OR=0.366)、高月收入(OR=0.324)、低孤独感(OR=0.022)、衰弱程度轻(OR=0.179)、认知功能好(OR=0.269)、无慢性病(OR=0.490)为日常生活照顾需求的保护因素;接受居委会提供服务低(OR=1.631)、自评健康差(OR=14.850)、与子女交流少(OR=2.012)、无医保(OR=1.761)为日常生活照顾需求的危险因素。结论高龄老年人日常生活照顾需求者近半,形势堪忧,应建立完善照顾服务体系,以满足老年人日常生活照顾需求,提高其生存质量。     

高龄老年人日常生活和精神照顾需求支持体系

目的了解高龄老人的衰弱进程中日常生活、精神照护需求状况及其家庭、社区、社会因素,为采取支持性应对措施提供依据。方法于2016年7月—2017年1月采用分层随机整群抽样方法选取河北省唐山市2家医院的10个社区卫生服务中心辖区内≥75岁老年人,采用The CFAI衰弱综合评估工具、日常活动能力量表(ADL)以及孤独量表(UCLA)进行评测。结果 3 448名高龄老人衰弱率为100%;非常需要生活照顾者占23.32%(804/3 448),非常需要精神照护者占68.94%(2 377/3 448),两者最需要提供的照护者均为子女和老伴。多因素分析显示,衰弱程度、年龄及兄弟姐妹、邻里、子女、老伴、志愿者、其他家庭成员等提供帮助是居家高龄老人生活照顾需求的影响因素(t值分别为21.876、11.673、2.676、3.871、3.812、–2.806、–2.735、–2.573),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);衰弱程度、邻里提供帮助、子女提供帮助、老伴提供帮助、文化程度、居委会提供帮助、兄弟姐妹提供帮助是居家高龄老人精神照顾需求的影响因素(t值分别为26.572、13.060、–6.995、–4.607、–3.057、2.729、–2.165),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论家庭成员、社区、社会支持是高龄老人日常生活及精神照护的基础,应加强支持体系的构建,提高整体照护水平,提高老年人生命质量。     

清热类方药治疗2型糖尿病的研究进展

糖尿病是日常生活中最常见的慢性内分泌系统疾病之一,因其高发病率越来越受到人们的关注。近年来中医药在2型糖尿病治疗中取得了良好效果。尤其是清热类中药从不同途径、不同环节起到治疗糖尿病及其并发症的作用,发挥多靶点的治疗效果。本综述从理论、临床、实验3个方面探讨清热类中药治疗糖尿病的研究进展,为糖尿病的进一步临床治疗提供依据。     

刺五加P450基因的筛选及其表达对皂苷含量的影响

目的筛选和鉴定刺五加Eleutherococcus sentsicosu中的细胞色素P450基因(EsP450),分析其进化特征,探究其与刺五加总皂苷含量的相关性。方法根据转录组测序结果,筛选得到EsP450基因,并对其进行生物信息学分析与适应性进化分析,采用qRT-PCR法检测EsP450基因的表达量,采用分光光度计测定刺五加的总皂苷含量。结果筛选得到了 18条EsP450基因。刺五加P450蛋白不存在跨膜区域,二级结构以α-螺旋和无规则卷曲结构为主。EsP450基因不存在正选择位点。各EsP450间的表达量差异显著,部分基因表达量差值在10倍以上,7条EsP450基因的表达与皂苷含量呈正相关关系(P0.05)。结论鉴定出与刺五加总皂苷含量存在正相关关系的EsP450基因,EsP450基因在进化中受到纯净选择。